APST Standards include seven standards, and each standards covers several focuses. The seven standards include: (1) understanding students and how they learn, (2) knowing the teaching content and the way of teaching, (3) Plan and implementation of effective teaching and learning, (4) Creating and maintaining a safe and supportive learning environment, (5) making assessment, feedback and reporting on the student learning, (6) actively carrying out professional learning and reflection, and (7) making contributions to the school and professional groups (QCT, 2011). The seven standards can be divided into learners' knowledge, subject content and subject teaching knowledge, teaching process management, environmental management, evaluation and teacher professional development strategies, which proposes specific requirements for teachers' professional development from the actual professional behavior of teachers. Most of these dimensions are directly related to learners, and teachers' professional development strategies also serve to promote learners' learning indirectly.
In standards 1, understanding students and how they learn, teachers should command the knowledge related to the students, including including students' backgrounds (race, religion, etc.) and their physical condition (physical development, intellectual development level, social cognitive level, etc.), learning and understanding ability, and interest (QCT, 2011). Australia is a multicultural country, different children may grow up in different cultural environment, such as language, race, religion and other aspects (AITSL, 2011). Therefore, understanding and respecting the cultural differences of students is important, and teachers should adopt corresponding teaching strategies according to these differences, so as to better promote the healthy growth of students. In addition, children of different ages in physics, psychology, intelligence, learning, understanding, interests are varying, so teachers should understand these differences in order to teach students in accordance with their aptitudes.
In Standard 2, knowing the teaching content and the way of teaching, teachers should command the subject knowledge, including subject content, pedagogical knowledge, curriculum, and information and communication technology knowledge (QCT, 2011). Novice teachers need to master the concepts, components, and basic applications of the knowledge. Mature teachers should not only have the basic requirements of novice teachers, but also have higher professional knowledge (Queensland Government, 2016). Mature teachers should skillfully apply this knowledge to their educational environment, who also can share their knowledge with novice teachers, so as to drive the other teachers to improve their understanding of subject knowledge and application.